英语中表语和定语怎么区别,表示什么

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英语中表语和定语怎么区别,表示什么

英语中表语和定语怎么区别,表示什么
英语中表语和定语怎么区别,表示什么

英语中表语和定语怎么区别,表示什么
表语:即和系动词be一起构成复合谓语的词或词组.用来说明主语的身份,特征,性质或状态.很多词可以做表语,如名词,代词,数词,形容词,副词,介词短语,动名词等,其数必须与主语一致.eg.All you have to do is to wait.(动词不定式做表语) 定语(Attribute):表示人或事物的性质,特征和所属,用于限定名词或代词.代词,形容词,数词,介词短语和动词分词均可作定语.定语一般位于所限定词之前,其数和格必需与被限定的词相一致.eg.She is a responsible girl.(responsible为形容词做定语)

一,定语:定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子,汉语中常用‘……的’表示。返回 定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。若修饰some,any,every,no构成的复合不定代词时,(如:something、nothing);或不定式、分词短语作定语、从句作定语时,则定语通常置后。副词用作定语时须放在名词之后。 形容词作定语: The little boy needs a blue pen.(l...

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一,定语:定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子,汉语中常用‘……的’表示。返回 定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。若修饰some,any,every,no构成的复合不定代词时,(如:something、nothing);或不定式、分词短语作定语、从句作定语时,则定语通常置后。副词用作定语时须放在名词之后。 形容词作定语: The little boy needs a blue pen.(little修饰名词boy;blue修饰名词pen.)/小男孩需要一支兰色的钢笔。 Tom is a handsome boy./Tom是个英俊的男孩。 There is a good boy./有个乖男孩。 数词作定语相当于形容词: Two boys need two pens./两个男孩需要两支钢笔。 The two boys are students./这两个男孩是学生。 There are two boys in the room./房间里有两个男孩。 代词或名词所有格作定语: His boy needs Tom's pen./他的男孩需要Tom的钢笔。 His name is Tom./他的名字是汤姆。 There are two boys of Toms there./那儿有Tom家的两个男孩。 介词短语作定语: The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours./教室里的男孩需要你的一支钢笔。 The boy in blue is Tom./穿兰色衣服的孩子是汤姆。 There are two boys of 9,and three of 10./有两个9岁的,三个10岁的男孩。 名词作定语: The boy needs a ball pen./男孩需要一支圆珠笔。 It is a ball pen./这是一支圆珠笔。 There is only one ball pen in the pencil box./这铅笔盒里只有一支圆珠笔。 副词作定语: The boy there needs a pen./那儿的男孩需要一支钢笔。 The best boy here is Tom./这里最棒的男孩是Tom。 不定式作定语: The boy to write this letter needs a pen./写这封信的男孩需要一支钢笔。 The boy to write this letter is Tom./将要写这封信的男孩是汤姆。 There is nothing to do today./今天无事要做。 分词(短语)作定语: The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother./那个微笑的男孩需要一支他妈妈买的钢笔。 The pen bought by her is made in China./她买的笔是中国产的。 There are five boys left./有五个留下的男孩。 定语从句: The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday./那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔。 The boy you will know is Tom./你将认识的男孩叫汤姆。 There are five boys who will play the game./参加游戏的男孩有五个。 二,状语:状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句,说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等。返回 状语在句子中的位置很灵活,常见情况为:通常在句子基本结构之后,强调时放在句首;修饰形容词或副词时,通常位于被修饰的词之前;表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头,强调时放在句首,地点状语一般须在时间状语之前;一些表示不确定时间(如:often)或程度(如:almost)的副词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后,动词之前。 有时状语在句中的某个位置会引起歧义,应注意,如:The boy calls the girl in the classroom.一般理解成‘男孩喊教室里的女孩‘(此时in the classroom为girl的定语),也可以理解为‘男孩在教室里喊女孩’(此时in the classroom为地点状语),最好写作‘In the classroom,the boy calls the girl.' 副词(短语)作状语: The boy needs a pen very much./男孩非常需要一支钢笔。(程度状语) The boy needs very much the pen bought by his mother./男孩非常需要他母亲买的那支钢笔。(宾语较长则状语前置) The boy really needs a pen./男孩真的需要一支钢笔。(程度状语) The boy needs a pen now./Now,the boy needs a pen./The boy,now,needs a pen./男孩现在需要一支钢笔。(时间状语) 介词短语作状语: In the classroom,the boy needs a pen./在教室里,男孩需要一支钢笔。(地点状语) Before his mother,Tom is always a boy./在母亲面前,汤姆总是一个男孩子.(条件状语) On Sundays,there is no student in the classroom./星期天,教室里没有学生.(时间状语) 分词(短语)作状语: He sits there,asking for a pen./他坐在那儿要一支笔。(表示伴随状态) Having to finish his homework,the boy needs a pen./因为不得不完成作业,男孩需要一支笔。(原因状语) Frightened,he sits there soundlessly./(因为)受了惊吓,他无声地坐在那儿。(原因状语) 不定式作状语: The boy needs a pen to do his homework./男孩需要一支笔写家庭作业。(目的状语) To make his dream come true,Tom becomes very interested in business./为实现梦想,汤姆变得对商业很有兴趣. 名词作状语: Come this way!/走这条路!(方向状语) 状语从句: 时间状语从句 地点状语从句 原因状语从句 结果状语从句 目的状语从句 比较状语从句 让步状语从句 条件状语从句 三,表语 表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的,表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、从句来充当,它常位于连系动词(be, become, appear, seem等)之后。 一. 名词作表语 Africa is a big continent. 非洲是个大洲。 That remains is a puzzle to me. 这对我还是个难题。 二. 代词作表语 What’s your fax number? 你的传真号是多少? Who's your best friend? 你最好的朋友是谁? 三. 形容词作表语 I feel much better today. 我今天感觉好多了。 四. 数词作表语 She was the first to learn about it. 她是第一个知道的人。 五. 不定式或ing形式作表语 Her job is selling computers. 她的工作是销售电脑。 Our next step was to get raw materials ready. 我们下一步是把原料准备好。 六. 介词短语作表语 The patient is out of danger. 病人脱险了。 I don’t feel at ease. 我感到不自在。 七. 副词作表语 The sun is up. 太阳升起来了。 I must be off now. 现在我得走了。 八. 从句作表语 This is what he said. 这就是他所说的话。 不定式作表语 作表语的不定式短语通常是说明主语的内容,这时主语通常是如下名词: hope, idea, job, plan, wish, aim, purpose, thing, business <><><> The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, not to make it more difficult. 新技术的目的是使生活更便利,而不是更繁琐。 Her wish is to become a singer. 她的愿望是当一名歌手。 Our plan is to finish the work in two weeks. 我们的计划就是在两星期内完成这项工作。 表语从句 在句子中起表语作用的从句叫做表语从句。表语从句的引导词和主语从句的引导词相同。 What the police want to know is when you entered the room. 警察想知道的是你什么时候进的房间。 The trouble is that we are short of funds. 困难是我们缺乏资金。 This is what we should do. 这是我们应当做的。 That's why I want you to work there. 那就是我要你在那儿工作的原因。 His first question was whether Mr. Smith had arrived yet. 他的第一个问题是史密斯先生到了没有。 <><><> as if, as though, because也可用来引导表语从句。 She seems as if she had done a great thing. 她看起来好像做了一件大事。 It is because you eat too much. 那是因为你吃得太多了。 ing形式作表语 ing形式作表语表示泛指意义的动作,不定式作表语表示一次性的动作。 My hobby is growing flowers. 我的爱好是种花。 My favourite sport is playing tennis. 我喜爱的运动是打网球。 <><><> 比较: What I am going to do is to play tennis this afternoon. 我今天下午要做的事是打网球。 ing形式作表语:注意事项 在句型"主 + 系 + 表"中,若主语和表语都是非谓语形式时,主语和表语要取得一致。如:主语 是ing形式表语也应是ing形式,主语是不定式时表语也应是不定式。 <><><> Seeing is believing. To see is to believe. 眼见为实。 <><><> (误) Seeing is to believe. ing形式作定语 ing形式可以作名词的前置定语,ing形式短语作后置定语。 <><><> ing形式作前置定语 a swimming pool a teaching method <><><> ing形式短语作后置定语 Do you know the man standing at the entrance? 你认识站在入口处的那个人吗? There were a lot of people boating on the lake. 湖上有许多正在划船的人。 虚拟语气:表语从句 主语是idea, notion, proposal, suggestion, request等名词时, 作表语从句的动词为原形动词或should+原形动词。 My suggestion is that we (should) go and help him. 我的建议是我们应该去帮助他。 Our only request is that this should be settled as soon as possible. 我们唯一的请求就是尽快解决这个问题。

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